{"id":20645,"date":"2026-08-18T17:34:43","date_gmt":"2026-08-18T14:04:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/docs\/linux\/%d8%a2%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b4-%da%a9%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%84-cron\/"},"modified":"2026-08-26T11:05:29","modified_gmt":"2026-08-26T07:35:29","slug":"comprehensive-cron-tutorial","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/docs\/linux\/comprehensive-cron-tutorial\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 cron"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0647\u06cc\u0647 Backup \u0647\u0631 \u0634\u0628<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Script \u0647\u0631 5 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06cc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 PHP Script<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u067e\u0627\u06a9\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc Cache<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sync \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 <strong>Cron<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cron \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648 Script\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645 <strong>Cron Job<\/strong> \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 Cron\u060c \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a <code>crontab<\/code>\u060c \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Script\u060c \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a Log\u060c Environment Variable\u0647\u0627\u060c Cron \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0639\u06cc\u0628\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc Cron Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u200c\u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cron \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cron \u06cc\u06a9 Scheduler \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc Unix \u0648 Linux \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Run backup every day at 02:00\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06cc\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Run script every 5 minutes\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06cc\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Run cleanup every Sunday\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0638\u0627\u06cc\u0641\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 Cron \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d <strong>Cron Job<\/strong> \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Cron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 Ubuntu \u0648 Debian \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>systemctl status cron\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 AlmaLinux\u060c Rocky Linux \u0648 RHEL \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>systemctl status crond\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Active: active (running)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Start \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 Cron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ubuntu \u0648 Debian:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo systemctl start cron\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">AlmaLinux \u0648 Rocky Linux:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo systemctl start crond\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc Cron \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 Boot<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ubuntu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo systemctl enable --now cron\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">RHEL-based:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo systemctl enable --now crond\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>systemctl is-enabled cron\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06cc\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>systemctl is-enabled crond\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 crontab \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a Cron Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>crontab\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631 User \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f Crontab \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0634 Cron Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc User \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>crontab -e\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>crontab -l\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 Cron Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc User:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>crontab -r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <code>crontab -r<\/code> \u062f\u0642\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u061b \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 Cron Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 User \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 Cron Job<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>crontab -e\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0633\u067e\u0633 \u062e\u0637 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>* * * * * date &gt;&gt; \/tmp\/cron-test.log\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/tmp\/cron-test.log\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0686\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>cat \/tmp\/cron-test.log\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Tue Aug 18 17:30:01 +0330 2026\nTue Aug 18 17:31:01 +0330 2026\nTue Aug 18 17:32:01 +0330 2026\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u060c Cron \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 Cron Job<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>* * * * * command\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u067e\u0646\u062c \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 Minute\n\u2502 \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 Hour\n\u2502 \u2502 \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 Day of Month\n\u2502 \u2502 \u2502 \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 Month\n\u2502 \u2502 \u2502 \u2502 \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 Day of Week\n\u2502 \u2502 \u2502 \u2502 \u2502\n* * * * * command\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0628\u062e\u0634<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>0-59<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>0-23<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0647<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>1-31<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0645\u0627\u0647<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>1-12<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0641\u062a\u0647<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>0-7<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Command \u06cc\u0627 Script<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 Day of Week \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 = Sunday\n1 = Monday\n2 = Tuesday\n3 = Wednesday\n4 = Thursday\n5 = Friday\n6 = Saturday\n7 = Sunday\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Cron \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>* * * * * \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Cron \u0647\u0631 5 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/5 * * * * \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0647\u0631 10 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/10 * * * * \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0647\u0631 30 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/30 * * * * \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 * * * * \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>01:00\n02:00\n03:00\n04:00\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a 2 \u0628\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 2 * * * \/path\/to\/backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a 23:30<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>30 23 * * * \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a 8 \u0635\u0628\u062d<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 8 * * * \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a 8:15<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>15 8 * * * \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 *\/2 * * * \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0647\u0631 6 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 *\/6 * * * \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0631<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a 8 \u0648 20:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 8,20 * * * \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Cron \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0647\u0641\u062a\u0647<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0634\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a 3 \u0628\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 3 * * 1 \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a 23:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 23 * * 5 \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0648\u0634\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 9 * * 1-5 \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0647\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0647\u0641\u062a\u0647<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0634\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0628\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 10 * * 6,0 \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0647<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a 2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 2 1 * * \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u067e\u0627\u0646\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0647<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 2 15 * * \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Cron \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0698\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 0 1 1 * \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc 0\u060c 15\u060c 30 \u0648 45:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0,15,30,45 * * * * \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/15 * * * * \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 Range<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a 8 \u062a\u0627 18\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 8-18 * * * \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 Range \u0648 Step<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631 10 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a 8 \u062a\u0627 18:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/10 8-18 * * * \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u06cc Cron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0639\u0636\u06cc Cron\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 Syntax\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u06cc<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>@reboot<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 Boot<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>@yearly<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>@annually<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>@monthly<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>@weekly<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0647\u0641\u062a\u06af\u06cc<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>@daily<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>@midnight<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>@hourly<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a\u06cc<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Script \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 Boot<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>@reboot \/opt\/myapp\/start.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u062e\u06cc\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>@reboot sleep 30 &amp;&amp; \/opt\/myapp\/start.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u06cc <code>@reboot<\/code> \u0627\u0632 <strong>systemd Service<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 systemd \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u062a Restart\u060c Dependency \u0648 Logging \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>@daily \/opt\/scripts\/backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a\u06cc<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>@hourly \/opt\/scripts\/check.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>@monthly \/opt\/scripts\/report.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 Cron Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc User \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>crontab -l\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 2 * * * \/root\/backup.sh\n*\/5 * * * * \/root\/check.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0634 Crontab \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc root:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>crontab -u USERNAME -e\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>crontab -u ali -e\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>crontab -u ali -l\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cron \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 root<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Cron Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo crontab -e\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0627 root \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>crontab -e\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cron\u0647\u0627\u06cc root \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a User Crontab \u0648 System Crontab<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">User Crontab:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>crontab -e\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>minute hour day month weekday command\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/etc\/crontab\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc User \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>minute hour day month weekday user command\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 2 * * * root \/root\/backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \/etc\/crontab<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>cat \/etc\/crontab\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SHELL=\/bin\/sh\nPATH=\/usr\/local\/sbin:\/usr\/local\/bin:\/sbin:\/bin:\/usr\/sbin:\/usr\/bin\n\n17 * * * * root command\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f User \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u067e\u0648\u0634\u0647 \/etc\/cron.d<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cron Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 Package\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/etc\/cron.d\/\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ls -la \/etc\/cron.d\/\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f <code>\/etc\/crontab<\/code> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 User \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/5 * * * * root \/usr\/local\/bin\/check-service\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u067e\u0648\u0634\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc cron.hourly \u0648 cron.daily<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/etc\/cron.hourly\/\n\/etc\/cron.daily\/\n\/etc\/cron.weekly\/\n\/etc\/cron.monthly\/\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ls -la \/etc\/cron.daily\/\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Script\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Bash Script \u0628\u0627 Cron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/root\/backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\n\ndate &gt;&gt; \/var\/log\/my-backup.log\necho \"Backup started\" &gt;&gt; \/var\/log\/my-backup.log\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Permission \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>chmod +x \/root\/backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cron:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 2 * * * \/root\/backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a Shell \u0631\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Script \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a Shebang \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 Executable \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>chmod +x script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 2 * * * \/bin\/bash \/root\/backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 Execute Permission \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f Script \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 Bash \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f Permission \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 Commands<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a Cron \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 Environment \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627 Terminal \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u06cc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 2 * * * mysqldump database &gt; backup.sql\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 Binary \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 2 * * * \/usr\/bin\/mysqldump database &gt; \/backup\/database.sql\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 Command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>command -v mysqldump\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/usr\/bin\/mysqldump\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 PATH \u062f\u0631 Cron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 Terminal \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>python3 script.py\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 Cron \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a PATH \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f Cron \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc Crontab \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>PATH=\/usr\/local\/sbin:\/usr\/local\/bin:\/usr\/sbin:\/usr\/bin:\/sbin:\/bin\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>PATH=\/usr\/local\/sbin:\/usr\/local\/bin:\/usr\/sbin:\/usr\/bin:\/sbin:\/bin\n\n*\/5 * * * * \/opt\/scripts\/check.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 SHELL<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 Shell \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SHELL=\/bin\/bash\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SHELL=\/bin\/bash\nPATH=\/usr\/local\/sbin:\/usr\/local\/bin:\/usr\/sbin:\/usr\/bin:\/sbin:\/bin\n\n0 2 * * * \/root\/backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Working Directory \u062f\u0631 Cron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cron \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f Directory \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>* * * * * python3 app.py\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>* * * * * cd \/opt\/myapp &amp;&amp; \/usr\/bin\/python3 app.py\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>* * * * * \/usr\/bin\/python3 \/opt\/myapp\/app.py\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc Relative Path \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <code>cd<\/code> \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc PHP \u0628\u0627 Cron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 PHP CLI \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>command -v php\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/usr\/bin\/php\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cron:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/5 * * * * \/usr\/bin\/php \/var\/www\/example.com\/script.php\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Laravel Scheduler<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>* * * * * cd \/var\/www\/example.com &amp;&amp; \/usr\/bin\/php artisan schedule:run &gt;&gt; \/dev\/null 2&gt;&amp;1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 Cron \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647 Scheduler \u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u062f Laravel \u062a\u0635\u0645\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f \u0686\u0647 Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Python Script<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/10 * * * * \/usr\/bin\/python3 \/opt\/scripts\/check.py\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 Virtual Environment \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/10 * * * * \/opt\/myapp\/venv\/bin\/python \/opt\/myapp\/check.py\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>source venv\/bin\/activate\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Curl<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/5 * * * * \/usr\/bin\/curl -fsS https:\/\/example.com\/cron.php\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/5 * * * * \/usr\/bin\/curl -fsS https:\/\/example.com\/cron.php &gt; \/dev\/null 2&gt;&amp;1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc wget<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/10 * * * * \/usr\/bin\/wget -q -O \/dev\/null https:\/\/example.com\/cron.php\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc Production \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 CLI Script \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc URL \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0645\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 HTTP \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Redirect \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc Cron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 Command \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/5 * * * * \/opt\/scripts\/check.sh &gt;&gt; \/var\/log\/check.log 2&gt;&amp;1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&gt;&gt; = Append standard output\n2&gt;&amp;1 = Send standard error to the same destination\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/5 * * * * \/opt\/scripts\/check.sh &gt; \/dev\/null 2&gt;&amp;1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0627 Log \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 Error<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/5 * * * * \/opt\/scripts\/check.sh &gt; \/dev\/null 2&gt;&gt; \/var\/log\/check-error.log\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Log \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f Logging \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 Script \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\n\nLOG=\"\/var\/log\/myjob.log\"\n\necho \"$(date '+%F %T') - Job started\" &gt;&gt; \"$LOG\"\n\n\/usr\/bin\/some-command &gt;&gt; \"$LOG\" 2&gt;&amp;1\n\necho \"$(date '+%F %T') - Job finished\" &gt;&gt; \"$LOG\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u06cc\u0628\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cron Email \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cron \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc Job \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 Mail \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc User \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 Mail Transport \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>MAILTO=root\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 Crontab \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>MAILTO=root\n\n0 2 * * * \/root\/backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 Mail:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>MAILTO=\"\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 Cron Job<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f Script \u0647\u0631 5 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/5 * * * * \/root\/backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Backup 10 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0645 Script \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f CPU<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0686\u0646\u062f Backup \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lock \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 Load<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0628\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0646 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 flock<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/5 * * * * \/usr\/bin\/flock -n \/tmp\/myjob.lock \/root\/backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 Lock \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c Job \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 File Descriptor \u0628\u0627 flock<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/5 * * * * \/usr\/bin\/flock -n \/var\/lock\/myjob.lock \/root\/backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 flock<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>command -v flock\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/usr\/bin\/flock\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Timeout \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Cron Job<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 Script \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/5 * * * * \/usr\/bin\/timeout 300 \/root\/check.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u062f\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>300\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc 300 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 5 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 timeout \u0648 flock<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/5 * * * * \/usr\/bin\/flock -n \/var\/lock\/check.lock \/usr\/bin\/timeout 240 \/root\/check.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Script \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 240 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u062a \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 Backup \u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0628\u0627 Cron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0647\u0631 \u0634\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a 2 \u0627\u0632 MySQL Backup \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Script:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo nano \/root\/mysql-backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\n\nBACKUP_DIR=\"\/backup\/mysql\"\nDATE=\"$(date +%F-%H%M)\"\n\nmkdir -p \"$BACKUP_DIR\"\n\n\/usr\/bin\/mysqldump example_database \\\n| \/usr\/bin\/gzip \\\n&gt; \"$BACKUP_DIR\/example_database-$DATE.sql.gz\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Permission:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>chmod 700 \/root\/mysql-backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cron:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 2 * * * \/root\/mysql-backup.sh &gt;&gt; \/var\/log\/mysql-backup.log 2&gt;&amp;1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062d\u0630\u0641 Backup\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627 Cron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 7 \u0631\u0648\u0632:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>30 3 * * * \/usr\/bin\/find \/backup\/mysql -type f -mtime +7 -delete\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <code>-delete<\/code> \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>find \/backup\/mysql -type f -mtime +7 -print\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>find \/backup\/mysql -type f -mtime +7 -delete\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Cron \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b Backup \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0634\u0646\u0628\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 3 * * 6 \/root\/full-backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Backup \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 2 * * 0-5 \/root\/daily-backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0648 Cron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cron \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>date\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc Timezone:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>timedatectl\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Time zone: Asia\/Tehran (+0330)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 Cron \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c Timezone \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 Timezone<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia\/Tehran\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>timedatectl\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 Timezone \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 Local Time \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">CRON_TZ<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc Cron implementation\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 Timezone \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 Crontab \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>CRON_TZ=UTC\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 2 * * * \/root\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc Cron \u0646\u0635\u0628\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0633\u062a Script \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 Cron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 Command \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 Crontab \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 User \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u06af\u0631 Cron \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc User <code>www-data<\/code> \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo -u www-data \/opt\/scripts\/job.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc Fail \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c Cron \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0634\u0628\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc Environment \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f Cron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u062a Environment \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f Script \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 Environment \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>env -i \\\nHOME=\"$HOME\" \\\nPATH=\/usr\/bin:\/bin \\\n\/bin\/bash \/root\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 Dependency\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u06cc Environment Shell \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 Log\u0647\u0627\u06cc Cron \u062f\u0631 Ubuntu \u0648 Debian<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u062a Logging:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>grep CRON \/var\/log\/syslog\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>grep CRON \/var\/log\/syslog | tail -n 50\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 Log\u0647\u0627\u06cc Cron \u062f\u0631 AlmaLinux \u0648 Rocky Linux<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a Log \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/var\/log\/cron\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>tail -f \/var\/log\/cron\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06cc\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>tail -n 100 \/var\/log\/cron\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 Log \u0628\u0627 journalctl<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ubuntu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>journalctl -u cron\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">RHEL-based:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>journalctl -u crond\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0622\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0646 100 \u062e\u0637:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>journalctl -u crond -n 100 --no-pager\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06cc\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>journalctl -u cron -n 100 --no-pager\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cron \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u062c\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ubuntu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>systemctl status cron\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">AlmaLinux:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>systemctl status crond\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0633\u067e\u0633 Crontab:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>crontab -l\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0639\u062f Script \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a Log \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 Permission<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 Script \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ls -l \/root\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Permission \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>chmod +x \/root\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 Script \u0628\u0627 User \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0622\u0646 User \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 Parent Directory\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>namei -l \/path\/to\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062e\u0637\u0627\u06cc Command not found<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a Script \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mysqldump\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0644\u06cc Cron \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0646\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>command -v mysqldump\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0633\u067e\u0633:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/usr\/bin\/mysqldump\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 Script \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cron \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a Relative Path \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>echo test &gt; output.log\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>echo test &gt; \/var\/log\/myjob-output.log\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 Cron \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 Absolute Path \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cron Script \u0631\u0648\u06cc Terminal \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 Cron \u0646\u0647<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>PATH \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Environment Variable \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Working Directory \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Permission \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Shell \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SSH Agent \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>HOME \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 Config \u0628\u0627 Relative Path \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc Script \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 Environment \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u06cc\u062d \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/bash\n\nPATH=\/usr\/local\/sbin:\/usr\/local\/bin:\/usr\/sbin:\/usr\/bin:\/sbin:\/bin\nexport PATH\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cron \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc SSH \u06cc\u0627 Git<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 SSH Key \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 Terminal \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 Cron \u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a Path\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u06cc\u062d \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/usr\/bin\/git\n\/usr\/bin\/ssh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648 Permission Key \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>chmod 600 \/home\/user\/.ssh\/id_ed25519\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>HOME=\/home\/user\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 Crontab \u06cc\u0627 Script \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Cron \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 Line Ending<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 Script \u0631\u0648\u06cc Windows \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc CRLF \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>file script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>dos2unix script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06cc\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sed -i 's\/\\r$\/\/' script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Syntax \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 Cron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>60 * * * *\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0-59\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06cc\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>25 * * * *\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647 25 \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0631 25 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 25 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/25 * * * *\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0\n25\n50\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 90 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cron \u067e\u0646\u062c\u200c\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0639\u0636\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u064b \u00ab\u0647\u0631 90 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u00bb \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0686\u0646\u062f Schedule \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>systemd Timer<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Script \u0628\u0627 State<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Scheduler \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc Application<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u060c <strong>systemd timer<\/strong> \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cron \u06cc\u0627 Systemd Timer\u061f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">| \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc | Cron | systemd Timer |<br>|:&#8212;:|:&#8212;:|<br>| \u0631\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 | \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0628 | \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 |<br>| Syntax \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647 | \u0628\u0644\u0647 | \u062e\u06cc\u0631 |<br>| Dependency | \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f | \u0642\u0648\u06cc |<br>| Logging | \u062c\u062f\u0627\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 | Journal |<br>| \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Job \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 Boot | \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f | \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 |<br>| \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 User\/Resource | \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f | \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 |<br>| \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0627 Service | \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f | \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0628 |<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Cron\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>systemd Timer\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc Cron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/etc\/cron.allow\n\/etc\/cron.deny\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0686\u0647 User\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <code>crontab<\/code> \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ls -l \/etc\/cron.allow \/etc\/cron.deny 2&gt;\/dev\/null\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 Cron implementation \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0628\u06a9\u0627\u067e \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0632 Crontab<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc User \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>crontab -l &gt; crontab-backup.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc root:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo crontab -l &gt; root-crontab-backup.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Restore:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>crontab crontab-backup.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 Restore \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06a9\u067e\u06cc Crontab \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc Crontab User \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 <code>\/etc\/crontab<\/code> \u06a9\u067e\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u061b \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">User Crontab:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 2 * * * \/root\/backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">System Crontab:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 2 * * * root \/root\/backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 System Crontab \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 User \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 Cron\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627 Root \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f Spool\u0647\u0627\u06cc Cron \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc User \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>crontab -u USERNAME -l\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 Cron\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/etc\/crontab\n\/etc\/cron.d\/\n\/etc\/cron.hourly\/\n\/etc\/cron.daily\/\n\/etc\/cron.weekly\/\n\/etc\/cron.monthly\/\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 Cron\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0648\u06a9<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u060c Cron Job\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0634 \u0646\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc Root:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>crontab -l\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>cat \/etc\/crontab\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ls -la \/etc\/cron.d\/\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062c\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0648\u062c\u0648\u06cc Command\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0648\u06a9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>grep -RniE 'curl|wget|nc|bash -c|python|perl' \\\n\/etc\/cron.d \\\n\/etc\/crontab \\\n\/var\/spool\/cron 2&gt;\/dev\/null\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 Command\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062e\u0631\u0628 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0639\u0644\u062a \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u06cc Cron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cron Script \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc User\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u200c\u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Script\u0647\u0627\u06cc root \u0646\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 User \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0632 Absolute Path \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Password \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 Crontab \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Output Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0627 Log \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc Backup \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 <code>flock<\/code> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0632 Timeout \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Crontab\u0647\u0627\u06cc root \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Script \u0631\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647 Cron \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 Cron \u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Backup<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SHELL=\/bin\/bash\nPATH=\/usr\/local\/sbin:\/usr\/local\/bin:\/usr\/sbin:\/usr\/bin:\/sbin:\/bin\n\n0 2 * * * \/usr\/bin\/flock -n \/var\/lock\/mysql-backup.lock \/root\/mysql-backup.sh &gt;&gt; \/var\/log\/mysql-backup.log 2&gt;&amp;1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 Job:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a 2 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Output \u0648 Error \u0631\u0627 Log \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PATH \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f Cron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>crontab -e<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0634 Cron<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>crontab -l<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 Cron<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>crontab -r<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 Cron\u0647\u0627\u06cc User<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>crontab -u user -e<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0634 Cron User \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>crontab -u user -l<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 Cron User \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>systemctl status cron<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a Cron \u062f\u0631 Ubuntu<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>systemctl status crond<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a Cron \u062f\u0631 RHEL-based<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>journalctl -u cron<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Log \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 Cron<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>journalctl -u crond<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Log \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 crond<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>command -v CMD<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 Command<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>flock<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>timeout<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0686\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>* * * * * \/root\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631 5 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/5 * * * * \/root\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 * * * * \/root\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a 2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 2 * * * \/root\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0634\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a 3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 3 * * 1 \/root\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 2 1 * * \/root\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 Boot:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>@reboot \/root\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631 10 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0627 Log:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/10 * * * * \/root\/script.sh &gt;&gt; \/var\/log\/script.log 2&gt;&amp;1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631 5 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/5 * * * * \/usr\/bin\/flock -n \/var\/lock\/script.lock \/root\/script.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0686\u06a9\u200c\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0639\u06cc\u0628\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc Cron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 <code>cron<\/code> \u06cc\u0627 <code>crond<\/code> \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cron Job \u0628\u0627 <code>crontab -l<\/code> \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Syntax \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Script \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>User \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d Cron \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Permission \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 Directory\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Shebang Script \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Path Command\u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PATH \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Working Directory \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Environment Variable\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Log \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Timezone \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Job \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>flock<\/code> \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Log\u0647\u0627\u06cc Cron \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/man7.org\/linux\/man-pages\/man5\/crontab.5.html\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/man7.org\/linux\/man-pages\/man5\/crontab.5.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a <code>crontab(5)<\/code> \u062f\u0631 Linux man-pages \u2014 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 Crontab \u0648 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/man7.org\/linux\/man-pages\/man1\/crontab.1.html\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/man7.org\/linux\/man-pages\/man1\/crontab.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a <code>crontab(1)<\/code> \u2014 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a Crontab \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/manpages.ubuntu.com\/manpages\/noble\/man1\/crontab.1.html\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/manpages.ubuntu.com\/manpages\/noble\/man1\/crontab.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a Cron \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 Linux \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 <code>systemctl<\/code> \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u2014 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc \u062f\u0631 systemd \u2014 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 <code>chmod<\/code> \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u2014 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 <code>chown<\/code> \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u2014 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 <code>sudoers<\/code> \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u2014 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cron \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc Linux \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648 Script\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0634 Cron Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc User \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>crontab -e\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>crontab -l\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc Cron:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Minute Hour Day-of-Month Month Day-of-Week Command\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Backup \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a 2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0 2 * * * \/root\/backup.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Script \u0647\u0631 5 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/5 * * * * \/root\/check.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a Cron \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 Environment \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627 Terminal \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 Command\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 Output \u0648 Error \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 Log \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <code>flock<\/code> \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>*\/5 * * * * \/usr\/bin\/flock -n \/var\/lock\/job.lock \/root\/job.sh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u06cc\u0628\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 Cron\u060c \u0633\u067e\u0633 <code>crontab -l<\/code>\u060c \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc Script \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a Log\u0647\u0627\u06cc <code>cron<\/code> \u06cc\u0627 <code>crond<\/code> \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cron \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Job\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 Dependency\u060c Logging \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u060c Restart Policy \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <strong>systemd Timer<\/strong> \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 Cron \u0627\u0633\u062a. Cron \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648 Script\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645 Cron Job \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":20648,"parent":17706,"menu_order":32,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-20645","docs","type-docs","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"author_avatar":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/litespeed\/avatar\/86d527e9d6c721b378b27e18daa8865e.jpg?ver=1790059220","author_name":"Fateme Moayed","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/20645","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20645"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/20645\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21029,"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/20645\/revisions\/21029"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/17706"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20648"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20645"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=20645"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}