{"id":17810,"date":"2026-07-07T16:05:06","date_gmt":"2026-07-07T12:35:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/docs\/linux\/linux-process-management\/"},"modified":"2026-07-31T23:32:26","modified_gmt":"2026-07-31T20:02:26","slug":"linux-process-management","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/docs\/linux\/linux-process-management\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 Process\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u2014 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u2014 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u062f <strong>Process<\/strong> \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 Process\u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0648 \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0686\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0686\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a (\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc) \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Process \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u200c\u06cc(instance) \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b nginx) \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 <strong>PID (Process ID)<\/strong> \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0648 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>PID<\/strong> \u2014 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>PPID (Parent PID)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>User<\/strong> \u2014 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>State<\/strong> \u2014 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc (\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 &#8230;)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Resource usage<\/strong> \u2014 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 CPU \u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647\u200c\u06cc Process\u0647\u0627<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 ps<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>ps<\/code> (Process Status) \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627 User\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 CPU\/\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ps aux<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ps aux | grep nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0628\u06cc (Parent\/Child) \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u062a\u06cc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ps -ef --forest<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc ps aux<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 <code>ps aux<\/code> \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u200c\u06cc Process \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>USER     PID  %CPU  %MEM    VSZ  RSS TTY   STAT START   TIME COMMAND\nwww-data 1234  0.3   1.2  81234  9876 ?     Ssl  10:02   0:12 nginx: worker<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>USER<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 Process \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>PID<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u06cc Process<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>%CPU<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 CPU \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 Process<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>%MEM<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647\u200c\u06cc RAM \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 Process<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>VSZ<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u06cc (Virtual Memory) \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>RSS<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc (RAM) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>TTY<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 Process \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a (<code>?<\/code> \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u067e\u0633\u200c\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>STAT<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc Process (\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>START<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Process<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>TIME<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc CPU \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 Process \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>COMMAND<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 Process \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u0647<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06a9\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 STAT<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 <code>STAT<\/code> \u0645\u0647\u0645\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u06cc\u0628\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0686\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc Process \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u06a9\u062f<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>R<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 (Running) \u06cc\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0641<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>S<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u200c\u0642\u0637\u0639 (Sleeping) \u2014 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>D<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u200c\u0642\u0637\u0639 (Uninterruptible Sleep) \u2014 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 I\/O \u062f\u06cc\u0633\u06a9\u061b \u0627\u06af\u0631 Process \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u062f\u06cc\u0633\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>T<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 (Stopped)\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627 <code>Ctrl+Z<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>Z<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Zombie \u2014 Process \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06a9 \u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647 (\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u062f\u0631 Process \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>&lt;<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 (High Priority)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>N<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 (Low Priority\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627 <code>nice<\/code>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>s<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Process leader \u06cc\u06a9 Session \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>l<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Multi-threaded (\u0686\u0646\u062f Thread\u06cc)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>+<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 Foreground \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc: \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0627 <code>ps aux<\/code> \u06cc\u0627 <code>top<\/code> \u0645\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc Process \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a <code>Z<\/code> (Zombie) \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0627\u06af \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 Process\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0632\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u061b raw \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 Process\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0647 <code>kill<\/code> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f Zombie (\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 top<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>top<\/code> \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>top<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0646\u062f\u0647\u061b \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 CPU \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f (\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f <code>q<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/top_command-1024x550.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-19824\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/top_command-1024x550.webp 1024w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/top_command-300x161.webp 300w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/top_command-768x413.webp 768w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/top_command-1536x825.webp 1536w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/top_command-410x220.webp 410w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/top_command-370x200.webp 370w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/top_command.webp 1898w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 htop<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u067e\u0633\u0646\u062f\u062a\u0631 <code>top<\/code>\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0631\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>htop<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/htop_command-1024x550.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-19825\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/htop_command-1024x550.webp 1024w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/htop_command-300x161.webp 300w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/htop_command-768x413.webp 768w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/htop_command-1536x825.webp 1536w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/htop_command-410x220.webp 410w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/htop_command-370x200.webp 370w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/htop_command.webp 1898w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f: <code>sudo apt install htop<\/code>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 btop<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 <code>top<\/code> \u0648 <code>htop<\/code> \u0628\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 cpu, gpu, network \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 theme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>btop<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0627 q \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/btop_command-1024x550.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-19826\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/btop_command-1024x550.webp 1024w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/btop_command-300x161.webp 300w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/btop_command-768x413.webp 768w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/btop_command-1536x825.webp 1536w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/btop_command-410x220.webp 410w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/btop_command-370x200.webp 370w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/btop_command.webp 1898w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a Process\u0647\u0627<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 Process \u0628\u0627 kill<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>kill 1234<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636 (<code>SIGTERM<\/code>\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647) \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0627 PID \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u06f1\u06f2\u06f3\u06f4\u061b \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0635\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0646\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>kill -9 1234<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 <code>SIGKILL<\/code>\u061b \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc. \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 <code>kill<\/code> \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627 pkill<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>pkill -f nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u0637 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 &#8220;nginx&#8221; \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646 PID \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 PID \u0628\u0627 pgrep<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>pgrep -f nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a PID\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647\u061b \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 <code>kill<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 PID \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc Process\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0633\u200c\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 (Background &amp; Foreground)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062f\u0631 <strong>Foreground<\/strong> \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u06a9\u0627\u067e\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af)\u060c \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 <strong>Background<\/strong> \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0633\u200c\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u061b \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a <code>&amp;<\/code> \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647 Background \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0633\u062a\u062f \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>long-running-command &amp;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 Session \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0633\u200c\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>jobs<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 Foreground \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0634\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u062a (Suspend) \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644\u061b \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Ctrl + Z<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a Background.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>bg<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u067e\u0633\u200c\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0647 Foreground (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0622\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>fg<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 Job \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0647 Foreground \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0634 (\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc <code>jobs<\/code> \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>fg %2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c: \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0646 Process \u0628\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 SSH<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 Background \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 SSH \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0622\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f (\u0686\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647 Session \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a). \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0639 SSH\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u062f. \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 <code>nohup.out<\/code> \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>nohup long-running-command &amp;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062c\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 Job \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 Session \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0634 \u0628\u0627 nohup.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>disown -h %1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc: \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f backup \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 user)\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 <code>tmux<\/code> \u06cc\u0627 <code>screen<\/code> \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 <code>nohup<\/code> \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0686\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 Session \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0632\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc Process\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 nice \u0648 renice<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 <strong>Priority<\/strong> \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 <code>nice value<\/code> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 <code>-20<\/code> (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062a) \u062a\u0627 <code>19<\/code> (\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062a) \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0632\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0647 CPU \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u062a\u0631 (\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0633\u200c\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>nice -n 10 command<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 PID \u0622\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>renice -n 5 -p 1234<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647\u200c\u06cc RAM \u0648 Swap \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>free -h<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0633\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>df -h<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/df-1024x550.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-19837\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/df-1024x550.webp 1024w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/df-300x161.webp 300w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/df-768x413.webp 768w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/df-1536x825.webp 1536w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/df-410x220.webp 410w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/df-370x200.webp 370w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/df.webp 1898w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0633\u06a9 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 df \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644(TUI) \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 file manager \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ncdu<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ncdu-1024x550.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-19836\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ncdu-1024x550.webp 1024w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ncdu-300x161.webp 300w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ncdu-768x413.webp 768w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ncdu-1536x825.webp 1536w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ncdu-410x220.webp 410w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ncdu-370x200.webp 370w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ncdu.webp 1898w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a block\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>lsblk<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/lsblk-1024x550.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-19835\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/lsblk-1024x550.webp 1024w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/lsblk-300x161.webp 300w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/lsblk-768x413.webp 768w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/lsblk-1536x825.webp 1536w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/lsblk-410x220.webp 410w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/lsblk-370x200.webp 370w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/lsblk.webp 1898w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u062f\u06cc\u0633\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u06cc (LVM) \u0628\u0627 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>dysk<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/dysk-1024x550.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-19834\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/dysk-1024x550.webp 1024w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/dysk-300x161.webp 300w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/dysk-768x413.webp 768w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/dysk-1536x825.webp 1536w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/dysk-410x220.webp 410w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/dysk-370x200.webp 370w, https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/dysk.webp 1898w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u062f\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 Load Average (\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u06f1\u060c \u06f5 \u0648 \u06f1\u06f5 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0631).<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>uptime<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a <code>top<\/code>,<code>htop<\/code> \u0648 <code>btop<\/code> \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 <code>uptime<\/code> \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648 \u06f1: \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 Process\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 CPU \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>top<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 CPU \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f (\u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636 <code>top<\/code> \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648 \u06f2: \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>pgrep -f myapp\nkill 4532<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>kill -9 4532<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648 \u06f3: \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u06a9\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>nice -n 15 tar -czf backup.tar.gz \/var\/www<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0648 \u0639\u06cc\u0628\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u06f1. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0632 kill -9 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc<\/strong><br><code>kill -9<\/code> \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0647 Process \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0628\u0646\u062f\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 <code>kill<\/code> \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u06f2. \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 PID \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0632\u0646\u062f<\/strong><br>\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 Process \u0641\u0631\u0632\u0646\u062f (Child) \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f Process \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f (Parent) \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\/\u0641\u0631\u0632\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 <code>ps -ef --forest<\/code> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u06f3. \u0646\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 Load Average \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u062a<\/strong><br>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc Load Average \u0644\u0632\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 CPU \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 I\/O \u062f\u06cc\u0633\u06a9 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0627 <code>top<\/code> \u06cc\u0627 <code>htop<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639 (CPU, Memory, Disk I\/O) \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0631\u06af\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 <code>du<\/code>, <code>df<\/code> \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0633\u06a9\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u200c\u06cc <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/docs\/linux\/sysadmins-essential-commands\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"maralhost.com\/kb\/docs\/linux\/sysadmins-essential-commands\/\">\u0645\u0647\u0645\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 sysadmin<\/a><\/strong> \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 Process \u0628\u0627 \u0686\u0647 User \u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0686\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u200c\u06cc <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/docs\/linux\/ownership-permissions-linux\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"maralhost.com\/kb\/docs\/linux\/ownership-permissions-linux\/\">Ownership \u0648 Permission \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<\/a><\/strong> \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/man7.org\/linux\/man-pages\/man1\/ps.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ps(1) \u2014 man7.org<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/man7.org\/linux\/man-pages\/man1\/kill.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">kill(1) \u2014 man7.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 Process\u060c \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 (<code>ps<\/code>, <code>top<\/code>, <code>htop<\/code>)\u060c \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a (<code>kill<\/code>, <code>pkill<\/code>, <code>pgrep<\/code>) \u0648 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc (<code>nice<\/code>, <code>renice<\/code>) \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u06cc\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u06cc\u0628\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0631\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u2014 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u2014 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0686\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u06cc\u062a Process\u0647\u0627<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>ps aux<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 Process\u0647\u0627<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>top<\/code> \/ <code>htop<\/code>\/<code>btop<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u06cc Process\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>kill PID<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 Process<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>kill -9 PID<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06cc<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>pkill -f name<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0627\u0645<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>pgrep -f name<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 PID \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0627\u0645<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>&amp; command<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0633\u200c\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647(background)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>jobs<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0633\u200c\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u06cc session \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>ctrl + z<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u062a (suspend) \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>ctrl + c<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 session \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>bg<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0633\u200c\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>fg<\/code> \/ <code>fg %n<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>&amp; nohup command<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0632 session<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>nice -n value command<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><code>renice -n value -p PID<\/code><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062a Process \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u063a <a href=\"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/docs\/linux\/change-hostname-linux\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/docs\/linux\/change-hostname-linux\/\">\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 Hostname \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<\/a> \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u2014 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u2014 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u062f Process \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 Process\u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0648 \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0686\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":19833,"parent":17706,"menu_order":11,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-17810","docs","type-docs","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"author_avatar":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-content\/litespeed\/avatar\/07f927ddc7a7089c6ee50ce1ba04623d.jpg?ver=1786395584","author_name":"Ali Mahdie","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/17810","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17810"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/17810\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19856,"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/17810\/revisions\/19856"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/17706"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19833"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17810"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maralhost.com\/kb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=17810"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}